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Reprogramming of energy metabolism is one of the basic characteristics of cancer and has been proved to be an important cancer treatment strategy. Isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs) are a class of key proteins in energy metabolism, including IDH1, IDH2, and IDH3, which are involved in the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to yield α-ketoglutarate (α-KG). Mutants of IDH1 or IDH2 can produce d-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) with α-KG as the substrate, and then mediate the occurrence and development of cancer. At present, no IDH3 mutation has been reported. The results of pan-cancer research showed that IDH1 has a higher mutation frequency and involves more cancer types than IDH2, implying IDH1 as a promising anti-cancer target. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the regulatory mechanisms of IDH1 on cancer from four aspects: metabolic reprogramming, epigenetics, immune microenvironment, and phenotypic changes, which will provide guidance for the understanding of IDH1 and exploring leading-edge targeted treatment strategies. In addition, we also reviewed available IDH1 inhibitors so far. The detailed clinical trial results and diverse structures of preclinical candidates illustrated here will provide a deep insight into the research for the treatment of IDH1-related cancers.
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【Objective】 To conduct the laboratory quality assessment between 12 blood stations in Hebei province, analyze the results and explore the accuracy and comparability of testing, so as to improve the level of testing ability and quality management. 【Methods】 With reference to the external quality assessment rules of National Center for Clinical Laboratories and combined with the instructions of quality assessment samples, daily testing process of the laboratories were assessed. The quality indicators include blood cell count (WBC, RBC, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC and PLT), biochemical items (TP) and coagulation parameters (FIB and FⅧ). 【Results】 There are still problems in laboratories in terms of personnel operation, instrument maintenance and the impact of different reagent batches, especially in biochemical items and coagulation parameters. The pass rate of biochemical items was the lowest, only 72.75%, and that of blood cell count was the highest, reaching 98.75%. 【Conclusion】 With the progress of the project, the quality monitoring level of daily blood sampling tests in the quality control laboratory of each blood station has been improved. However, it is still necessary for each laboratory to improve the testing ability and quality management to a higher level in Hebei.
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Objective:To determine the minimum clinically-important difference (MCID) in the rehabilitation effect among children with haemophilic knee joint contracture.Methods:The data describing 28 children with an average age of 13.89±3.00 years and haemophilic knee joint contracture who received no less than 10 sessions of physiotherapy in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed. The therapeutic effect of the treatement was quantified in terms of Haemophilia Joint Health Scores (HJHSs) for their knees. The MCID after the therapy was evaluated using the mean change method, multivariate linear regression, receiver operating characteristics, and the distribution-based method.Results:The MCID for the improvement of knee HJHS was 5.13 by the mean change method, 4.31 by multivariate linear regression, 3.50 according to the ROC curve and 1.64 by the distribution-based method. Taking all of them into consideration, 4.31 was found to be an appropriate value.Conclusions:The MCID after physical therapy for the improvement in knee HJHS for a child with haemophilic knee contracture is 4.31. Improvements greater than 4.31 can be considered clinically significant.
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Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of brazilin on bladder cancer cells and its mechanism.Methods:Chemically synthesized brazilin was synthesized by chemical synthesis. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to detect the inhibitory effect of synthetic brazilin on bladder cancer cells T24 and BIU87. Proteomic technique was used to detect the effect of brazilin on the level of protein in both cells. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot methods were used to verify the effects of brazilin on the expression of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) of both cells at gene and protein level.Results:MTT method showed that brazilin significantly inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer cells T24 and BIU87, and its half inhibitory concentration ( IC50) of T24 cell and BIU87 cell was 9.9 μg/ml and 5.1 μg/ml,respectively. Proteomic results showed that brazilin could regulate the protein expression of PRC1 in both cells, which was verified by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Conclusion:Brazilin suppresses bladder cancer cell growth possibly by downregulating PRC1.
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Objective:To investigate the inhibiting effect of Sufuning Lotion (SFN) on bladder carcinoma T24 cells.Methods:Trypan blue exclusion test was performed to observe the killing effect of 2 mg/ml SFN at different time points (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 min) on human bladder carcinoma T24 cells; the inhibiting effect of SFN with different concentrations (8.0, 12.0, 18.0, 27.0, 40.5 μg/ml) for 48 h on proliferation of T24 cells was assessed by using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The half inhibitory concentration ( IC50) was identified. T24 cells were treated with IC50 SFN for 24, 48, 72 h, and then the change of proliferation inhibition rate of T24 cells was detected. The nude mice subcutaneous model (30 mice) and intraperitoneal tumor xenograft model (30 mice) were prepared according to T24 cells inoculated method. After inoculation for 24 h, both animal models were divided into 5 groups with 6 animals in each group based on the random number method, including the control group (0.9% NaCl solution), the SFN 200 mg/kg group, the SFN 300 mg/kg group, the SFN 400 mg/kg group and the mitomycin group, and then the control group and three SFN groups were intraperitoneally injected for 6 d, while the mitomycin 1 mg/kg group was injected with 1 mg/kg mitomycin every 5 d for once, 2 times in total. The transplantable tumor volume of subcutaneous tumor xenograft model was measured per week and the mice were sacrificed after 4 weeks. Tumor tissues were taken out to measure the tumor weight and tumor growth inhibition ratio was also evaluated. The survival time of nude mice in intraperitoneal tumor xenograft model was recorded so as to calculate the life extension rate. Results:Trypan blue exclusion test showed that after the function of 2 mg/ml SFN for 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 min, the cell death rate was (17.83±1.56)%, (48.95±1.34)%, (67.46±1.44)%, (75.48±2.12)%, (89.41±1.35)%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( F = 1 213.264, P < 0.01). MTT assay showed that SFN inhibited the proliferation of T24 cells in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner, and the IC50 of cell proliferation at 48 h was (14.36±0.35) μg/ml. After the function of 14.36 μg/ml SFN for 24, 48, 72 h, the proliferation inhibitory rate of T24 cells was (39.5±0.9)%, (50.6±0.7)%, (71.5±1.0)%, respectively, and differences was statistically significant ( F = 1 044.206, P < 0.01). After the nude mice was inoculated with T24 cells for 4 weeks, the tumor volume and tumor weight in the SFN 200 mg/kg group, the SFN 300 mg/kg group, the SFN 400 mg/kg group and the mitomycin group were lower than those in the control group [the tumor volume: (0.925±0.136) cm 3, (0.833±0.171) cm 3, (0.652±0.117) cm 3, (0.482± 0.120) cm 3 vs. (1.231±0.210) cm 3, respectively; the tumor weight: (1.56±0.20) g, (1.42±0.21) g, (1.19±0.22) g, (0.97±0.16) g vs. (1.98±0.30) g], and differences were statistically significant ( F = 20.153, P < 0.01; F = 17.325, P < 0.01); there were no significant differences in the tumor volume and weight between the SFN 400 mg/kg group and the mitomycin group ( t = 1.898, P = 0.069; t = 1.739, P = 0.094), the inhibition rate of subcutaneous tumor xenograft model was 20.94%, 28.28%, 39.66%, 51.14%, respectively in the SFN 200 mg/kg group, the SFN 300 mg/kg group, the SFN 400 mg/kg group and the mitomycin group. The survival time of intraperitoneal nude mice in the SFN groups and the mitomycin group was prolonged compared with that in the control group [(32.7±3.2) d, (34.0±4.5) d, (34.3±2.3) d, (35.3±2.0) d vs. (21.7±4.8) d], and there was a statistically significant difference ( F = 15.179, P < 0.01), the life extension ratio was 50.76%, 56.90%, 58.42%, 63.04%, respectively. Conclusion:SFN can inhibit the proliferation of T24 cells, and it has an anti-tumor effect on the T24-bearing nude mice.
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Objective:To explore the clinical significance of patient for patient safety strategy in inpatients with traumatic fracture.Methods:Convenience sampling method was used to randomly select 120 patients with traumatic fracture from September to December 2019 in the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of a third-class hospital of Zibo city. Sixty patients with traumatic fracture treated from September to October 2019 were the control group, and 60 patients with traumatic fracture treated from November to December 2019 were the intervention group. The control group implemented routine safety management, and the intervention group implemented patient for patient safety strategy on the basis of routine safety management. The general information questionnaire, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), patient for patient safety attitude questionnaire, incidence of adverse events during hospitalization and inpatient satisfaction scale were used to evaluate the effect after application.Results:HAMA score was 17.6±3.4,11.5±2.7 3 days after operation and at discharge in the intervention group, whcih were significantly lower than 23.3±4.3, 14.3±3.2 in the control group ( t values were 7.919, 6.912, P<0.001). The score of patients for patient safety attitude questionnaire was significantly higher in the intervention group at discharge compared with one day after operation ( t values were 3.246-6.558, P<0.001), as well as compared with those in the control group ( t values were 2.251-6.445, P<0.05). The total incidence rate of adverse events during hospitalization and satisfaction degree was 6.7%(4/60) and 95.0% (57/60) in the intervention,better than 13.3%(8/60), 90.0% (54/60) in the control group ( χ2 values were 7.260,16.008, P<0.001). Conclusions:The patient for patient safety strategy can effectively alleviate patients' negative psychological emotions, enhance patients' attitude to participate in safety behaviors, increase their enthusiasm to participate in safety behaviors, reduce the occurrence of adverse events during hospitalization, and improve patients' satisfaction with hospitalization.
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Relying on the practice platform of P2 laboratory, researchers reform and explore the contents and forms of experimental teaching for pathogenic biology and immunology, creating an innovative experimental teaching system suitable for training medical students' professional quality and innovative ability. By improving teaching conditions (construction of P2 laboratory), improving teaching methods and innovating experimental teaching contents, and introducing comprehensive design experiment, students' consciousnesses of service and biosafety have been strengthened, meanwhile, their ability to analyze and solve problems has been improved, and their critical and creative thinking has been cultivated.
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SARS-CoV-2 has caused tens of thousands of infections and more than one thousand deaths. There are currently no registered therapies for treating coronavirus infections. Because of time consuming process of new drug development, drug repositioning may be the only solution to the epidemic of sudden infectious diseases. We systematically analyzed all the proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2 genes, compared them with proteins from other coronaviruses, predicted their structures, and built 19 structures that could be done by homology modeling. By performing target-based virtual ligand screening, a total of 21 targets (including two human targets) were screened against compound libraries including ZINC drug database and our own database of natural products. Structure and screening results of important targets such as 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), Spike, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and papain like protease (PLpro) were discussed in detail. In addition, a database of 78 commonly used anti-viral drugs including those currently on the market and undergoing clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 was constructed. Possible targets of these compounds and potential drugs acting on a certain target were predicted. This study will provide new lead compounds and targets for further and studies of SARS-CoV-2, new insights for those drugs currently ongoing clinical studies, and also possible new strategies for drug repositioning to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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The incidence of chronic pain is very high,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. It is an important problem to be solved urgently in clinic. At present,people recognize the important role of biopsychology in the process of chronic pain management. Mindfulness intervention,as a cognitive and psychological intervention,has a positive effect on relieving the intensity of chronic pain,changing the per-ception of pain,improving the ability of pain management,and improving pain-related functional and emotion-al disorders. This paper reviews the clinical effect,mechanism and health economics of mindfulness interven-tion on chronic pain,and points out that network-based mindfulness intervention has broad prospects for de-velopment in the future,which is suitable for the current situation of large population base and few related practitioners in China.
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The incidence of chronic pain is very high, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.It is an important problem to be solved urgently in clinic. At present, people recognize the important role of biopsychology in the process of chronic pain management. Mindfulness intervention, as a cognitive and psychological intervention, has a positive effect on relieving the intensity of chronic pain, changing the perception of pain, improving the ability of pain management, and improving pain-related functional and emotional disorders. This paper reviews the clinical effect, mechanism and health economics of mindfulness intervention on chronic pain, and points out that network-based mindfulness intervention has broad prospects for development in the future, which is suitable for the current situation of large population base and few related practitioners in China.
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Objective To observe the sensitization of lidocaine on subcutaneous hepatoma H22-bearing mice and abdominal cavity H22 tumor-bearing mice treated by mitomycin. Methods According to the random number table method, the mice were divided into subcutaneous tumor-bearing group and abdominal cavity tumor-bearing group, with 15 mice in each group. The mice in the two groups were further divided into three subgroups: model group, mitomycin group, mitomycin+lidocaine group, with 5 mice in each subgroup. The day before the intraperitoneal injection, the density of H22 cells obtained from peritoneal culture of one mouse was adjusted to 5 ×106/ml. Subcutaneous tumor-bearing group mice were injected H22 cells into the right armpit, and abdominal cavity tumor-bearing group mice were injected H22 cells into the abdominal cavity, 0.2 ml per mouse. Intraperitoneal injection was given after inoculation for 24 h (the experiment day 1), followed by intraperitoneal injection on day 5 and 9. Univariate ANOVA analysis and t test were used to analyze the solid tumor weight and tumor inhibition rate on the 11th day of subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice, and the survival time and life extension rate within 60 days of abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice. Results The solid tumor weight of subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice model group, mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group were (3.77 ±1.02) g, (1.67 ±0.28) g, (0.74 ±0.19) g, respectively, and the differences in the three groups were statistically different (F = 31.753, P < 0.01); compared with the subcutaneous model group, the subcutaneous solid tumor weights of mitomycin group and mitomycin +lidocaine group were decreased and the differences were both statistically different (t=2.10, P<0.01; t=3.04, P<0.01); the subcutaneous solid tumor weight of mitomycin+lidocaine group was lower than that of mitomycin group (t= 0.93, P= 0.034). The tumor inhibition rate of mitomycin group and mitomycin +lidocaine group reached 55.70％ and 80.37％ respectively. The survival time of abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice in model group, mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group was (16.80±0.84) d, (28.80± 6.30) d, (40.40±12.86) d, respectively, and the differences in the three groups were statistically different (F=10.155, P=0.003); compared with the abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice model group, the survival time of mice in mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group was prolonged (t= 12.00, P= 0.041; t= 23.60, P= 0.001), and it was found that survival time in mitomycin + lidocaine group was longer than that in mitomycin group (t=11.60, P=0.047). The life extension rate of mitomycin group and mitomycin+lidocaine group reached 71.43％ and 140.48％ respectively. Conclusion Lidocaine can increase the sensitization of mitomycin on hepatoma H22-bearing mice.
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Objective To explore the cardiopulmonary function and exercise capacity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients without pulmonary dysfunction.Methods In this retrospective study,the results of exercise tests administered to AIS patients without pulmonary dysfunction were reviewed seeking any consistent relationship between scoliosis location and severity and the test results.Correlations relating pulmonary function,body mass index (BMI),age and exercises tolerance were also sought.Results Forty-six patients were included,17with solely thoracic scoliosis,11 with solely thoracolumbar scoliosis and 18 with both thoracic and thoracolumbar scoliosis.Ten of those studied (21.74％) had normal exercise tolerance,while in 24 exercise tolerance was mildly impaired,in 11 moderately and in 1 severely.The average peak minute ventilation (MV) of the thoracic scoliosis group [(43.11±8.47) L/min] was significantly lower than that of the thoracolumbar scoliosis group [(50.81 ± 10.11)L/min].The average VO2AT/kg of the thoracic+thoracolumbar scoliosis group [(14.16±2.04) ml/kg/min] was significantly lower than that of the thoracic scoliosis group [(16.82±2.87) mL/kg/min] and of the thoracolumbar scoliosis group [(17.78±4.34) ml/kg/min].Among the thoracic scoliosis patients,no significant difference in exercise tolerance was observed between those with moderate and severe scoliosis.The peak VO2％ pred was negatively correlated with BMI,but not significantly correlated with pulmonary function or age.Conclusions Although without pulmonary dysfunction,the AIS patients showed a significantly lower tolerance for maximum exercise generally.The average peak ME was significantly lower in the thoracic scoliosis group than in the thoracolumbar scoliosis group,while the average VO2AT/kg was significantly lower in the thoracic + thoracolumbar scoliosis group than in the solely thoracic and thoracolumbar scoliosis groups.Exercise tolerance was negatively correlated with BMI,but uncorrelated with the severity of the scoliosis,pulmonary function or age.
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Objective To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Insomnia Severity Index(ISI-C) in patients with insomnia. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with insomnia were selected from Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University. The subjects had completed the ISI-C scale and Pittsburgh Sleep quality Index(PSQI) scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) at the same time. The reliability and validity of the scale were tested by Cronbach α coefficient, item correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis and ROC curve test. Results The Cronbach α coefficient of the ISI-C was 0.804,the test-retest reliability was 0.887 (P<0.01). The items of ISI-C scale were correlated with the corresponding items of PSQI (r=0.831, P<0.01), ESS(r =0.218, P<0.05). Two common factors were extracted by factor analysis including the severity of insomnia and the influence of insomnia, and the cumulative contribution rate was 63.117% (P<0.01).When the cutting point was 10.5 points, the sensitivity and specificity were 84.0% and 92.3%, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusions ISI-C scale is a reliable and valid instrument. It can be used to measure the insomnia of patients in hospitals.
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Objective To compare the predictive effect of Charlison's weighted index of comorbidities (WIC), the diagnostic criteria for emergency sepsis (MEDS) and combination of the two scoring systems to predict the emergency pulmonary infection prognosis. Methods A total of 327 patients with pulmonary infection admitted from January 2016 to January 2017 were enrolled in this study whose WIC score,MEDS score and risk stratification were recorded at admission.They were divided into survival group and death group according to the 28 d treatment outcome,the optimal cutoff of WIC score and MEDS score to predict the prognosis were found by ROC curve, and the prediction effect of WIC score, MEDS score, the combined use of both and APACHEⅡto predict the prognosis were compared. Results The mortality of low,middle and high risk of WIC score were 13.7%(29/212),48.7%(38/78)and 78.4%(29/37)with significant difference(χ2=82.097,P=0.000),mortality of low,middle and high risk of MEDS score were 11.3%(23/203),50.6%(40/77)and 73.3%(33/45)with significant difference(χ2=145.526,P=0.000).The WIC scores in survival group and death group were 1.3 ± 0.9 and 2.7 ± 1.1 with significant difference(t=11.030,P=0.000).The MEDS score of live group(6.1 ± 4.0) was significantly lower than death group(12.6 ± 4.9)(t=11.502,P=0.000).the optimal cutoff values of WIC and MEDS to predict prognosis were 1.7 points, 11.6 points, the ROC curve area between WIC, MEDS score and combined application to predict prognosis were 0.632, 0.798, 0.897, and the sensitivity and accuracy of the combined prediction[93.8%(212/226)/89.9%(294/327)] were significantly higher than those of the individual WIC[72.7%(168/231)/75.2%(246/327)] and MEDS[67.5%(156/232)/72.2%(236/327)] (χ2=0.562-42.594, P < 0.05). The sensitivity and accuracy of the combined application and APACHE Ⅱto predict of prognosis had no statistical significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusions The sensitivity and accuracy of WIC score combined with MEDS score to predict the prognosis of patients with acute lung infection is higher than the individual WIC score and MEDS score,and its prediction effect is more better.
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Objective To explore the changes of serum Clara cell secretory protein 16 (CC16), pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D) in children with pneumonia and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 81 pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia were selected, including severe pneumonia with mechanical ventilation group (n=21), severe pneumonia with non-mechanical ventilation group (n=30), mild pneumonia group (n=30), and the control group (n=20) was selected in the physical examination of healthy children over the same period. We detected the concentration of serum CC16, TNF-α, IL-6 and SP-D for the 4 groups by ELISA, and evaluated the clinical values of serum CC16, TNF-α, IL-6 and SP-D for severe pneumonia by using ROC curve.We recorded pulmonary dynamic compliance(Cdyn),airway resistance(Raw),peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), work of breathing (WOB) and other respiratory mechanical parameters, and analyzed the correlations between CC16 and TNF-α, IL-6, SP-D and respiratory mechanical parameters. Results The concentrations of serum CC16 in pneumonia group were all significantly lower than that in the control group, and those in severe pneumonia groups were lower than that in mild pneumonia group, and mechanical ventilation group was lower than that in non-mechanical ventilation; the concentration of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and SP-D in pneumonia groups were all obviously higher than that in the control group, and severe pneumonia group were higher than that in mild pneumonia group, and those in mechanical ventilation group were also higher than that in non-mechanical ventilation group (P<0.05). Compared to that before removing the ventilator, concentration of serum CC16 in severe pneumonia with mechanical ventilation group decreased significantly at 1 hour and lowered down at 72 hours; but the concentration of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and SP-D in severe pneumonia with mechanical ventilation increased significantly at 1 hour and went higher at 72 hours, the differences were all statistically significant (all of P<0.05); compared to that before weaning from the ventilator, the value of Cdyn decreased obviously in severe pneumonia with mechanical ventilation at 72 hours and lowered down at 1 hour; but the values of Raw, PIP, WOB in severe pneumonia with mechanical ventilation increased obviously at 72 hours and more higher at 1 hour, the differences were all statistically significant (all of P<0.05). The concentration of serum CC16 showed all negative correlations with TNF-α, IL-6 and SP-D, but it showed positive correlation with Cdyn(all of P<0.01).In the ROC curve,the area under the ROC curve of CC16,TNF-α,IL-6 and SP-D in serum was 0.905, 0.704, 0.832, 0.825, respectively (for all of which P<0.01). Conclusion The concentrations of serum CC16 and SP-D were associated with the severity of community acquired-pneumonia in children. The level of serum CC16 was positive associated with Cdyn in children with mechanical ventilation. CC16 has better prediction and evaluation effect on the change of severe pneumonia.
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@#Objective To explore the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activities in physically active patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods From July to November, 2017, 41 physically active patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were measured physical activities with International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and cardiorespiratory fitness with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) by bicycle ergometer. The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity was analyzed with bivariate correlation analysis and Logistic regression. Results Leisure-time physical activities positively correlated with peak oxygen consumption and oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold (r = 0.393-0.503, P < 0.05), while leisure-time physical activities independently and positively correlated with normal cardiorespiratory fitness (OR = 5.661, P = 0.017). Conclusion Leisure-time physical activities can improve the cardiorespiratory fitness in physically active patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which should be encouraged rather than other activities.
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Objective To explore the relationship between interleukin(IL)-13 RS20541 gene polymorphism and susceptibility of enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection in children's hand-foot-mouth disease.Methods Blood samples were collected from 123 children with EV71 infection from the Central Hospital of Xiangtan (experimental group),and they were divided into mild EV71 infection group (n =62) and severe EV71 infection group (n =61) according to their severity.And 52 healthy children without EV71 infection were selected as the controls,with age and sex matched.Two mL blood samples stored in the-80 ℃ freezer,were collected from all subjects,and DNA was extracted by Beijing ubiolab genetic technology company limited.The SNaPshot was used to determine genotype for G/A polymorphism at RS20541 position of IL-13 gene.SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results IL-13 RS20541 loci had 3 genotypes:AA,GA,GG;the frequency of AA,GA,GG in the experimental group was 4.07％,44.71％,51.22％,which was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (the frequency of AA,GA,GG were 11.54％,32.69％,55.77％),there was no statistically significant difference in genotypes (x2 =4.676,P ＞ 0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in allele frequency (the frequency of A,G in experimental group was 26.42 ％,73.58 ％,and that of the healthy control group was 27.88 ％,72.12 ％;x2 =0.080,P ＞ 0.05).EV71 infection caused by mild group,severe group and healthy controls genotype frequencies between the 3 groups [(AA + GA) were 53.22％,44.26％,44.23％;GG were 46.78％,55.74％,55.77％;x2 =1.294,P ＞ 0.05] and allele frequency (A were 30.65％,22.13％,27.88％;G were 69.35％,77.87％,72.12％;x2 =2.349,P ＞ 0.05) among the mild group,severe group and healthy control group had no statistical significance.Conclusion There is no correlation between the IL-13RS20541 gene polymorphism and EV 71 infection in children with the hand-foot-mouth disease.
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Spinal cord injury is a catastrophic injury causing lifelong severe disabilities, and poses a great burden to the individuals, families and society. In order to promote the standardization in treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury, the consensus on the evaluation, treatment and rehabilitation of traumatic spinal cord injury was suggested by experts, who came from authoritative multicenter in China. The expert consensus, which formed a standardization process from the first aid clinical treatment to rehabilitation of spinal cord injury, shall give a better practical guide for clinic and rehabilitation physicians.
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Objective To explore the relationship between the interleukin-6 (IL-6) RS1800796 gene polymorphism and susceptibility of Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection.Methods One hundred and twenty-three children with EV71 infection were selected as infection experimental group from March 2012 to December 2014 in the Central Hospital of Xiangtan,and they were divided into mild EV71 infection group (62 cases) and severe EV71 infection group (61 cases).And 52 age-and gender-matched healthy children were selected as the healthy control group.Two mL blood samples were collected from all subjects,and DNA was extracted by Beijing Optimal Boland Gene Technology LTD.The SNaPshot was used to determine the genotype for G/C polymorphism at RS1800796 position of IL-6 gene.Results The genotype frequency of IL-6 RS1800796 GG in the infection experimental group [73.2％ (90/123 cases)]was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group[48.1％ (25/52 cases)],and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =10o 215,P =0.002,OR =2.945,95 ％ CI:1.500-5.782).No significant difference was found in the distribution of genotype frequency of the IL-6 RS1800796 GG between the mild EV71 infection group and the severe EV71 infection group[71.0％ (44/62 cases)vs.75.4％ (46/61 cases),x2 =0.309,P =0.685].The G allele in IL-6 RS1800796 G/C was more frequent in the infection group (85.0％)than that in the control group (70.2％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =10.183,P =0.002,OR =2.399,95％ CI:1.389-4.143).No significant difference was found in allele frequency of the IL-6 RS1800796 G between the mild EV71 infection group and the severe EV71 infection group (83.1％ vs.86.9％,x2 =0.703,P =0.477).Conclusion The G allele of IL-6 RS1800796 confers susceptibility to infection of EV71.But G allele carrier will not increase the risk of severity after infection.
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Objective To establish a method for preparing orthotropic transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. Methods According to the liver detailed anatomical structure of the mouse, 50 μl mouse ascites containing 1 ×106 and 5 ×105 mouse hematoma H22 cells was input to liver in 12 Kunming mice through percutaneous intraperitoneal injection by syringe, respectively, to establish orthotopic transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma model. The growth status of mice was observed, and the pathological changes of liver and tumor metastasis tissues were detected. The tumor formation and metastasis were analyzed. Results The tumor formation rate was 100% (12/12) by direct injection of mouse hematoma H22 cells in 2 groups. The inoculated mice started to appear ascites at the 6th day, and all mice produced ascites at the 10th day. The survival time was (16.17 ±3.07) d and (18.08 ±3.34) d in 1 ×106 group and 5 ×105 group, respectively. Some mice emerged tumor metastasis in kidney, intestine, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. Conclusion The method of direct injection could establish orthotropic transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma model in mice, which can be used for antitumor drug research.